[테스트] No qualifying bean of type 'tobyspring.splearn.application.required.EmailSender' available: expected at least 1 bean which qualifies as autowire candidate. Dependency annotations: {}

에러 메시지 일부

Caused by: org.springframework.beans.factory.UnsatisfiedDependencyException: Error creating bean with name 'memberService' defined in file [/Users/eundms/IdeaProjects/splearn/build/classes/java/main/tobyspring/splearn/application/MemberService.class]: Unsatisfied dependency expressed through constructor parameter 1: No qualifying bean of type 'tobyspring.splearn.application.required.EmailSender' available: expected at least 1 bean which qualifies as autowire candidate. Dependency annotations: {}

 

상황

나는 @SpringBootTest를 활용한 테스트를 작성중이다 

@SpringBootTest
public class MemberRegisterManualTest {
  @Autowired
  private MemberRegister memberRegister;

  @Test
  void register(){
    Member member = memberRegister.register(MemberFixture.createRegisterRequest());

    assertThat(member.getId()).isNotNull();
    assertThat(member.getStatus()).isEqualTo(MemberStatus.PENDING);
  }
}

 

아래와 같이 MemberService가 작성되어 있다 

@Service
@RequiredArgsConstructor
public class MemberService implements MemberRegister {
  private final MemberRepository memberRepository;
  private final EmailSender emailSender;
  private final PasswordEncoder passwordEncoder;

  @Override
  public Member register(MemberRegisterRequest registerRequest) {
    Member member = Member.register(registerRequest, passwordEncoder);
    memberRepository.save(member);
    emailSender.send(member.getEmail(), "등록을 완료해주세요", "아래 링크를 클릭해서 등록을 완료해주세요");
    return member;
  }
}

 

 

에러 메시지 해석 

Spring Context에 등록되어 있는 MemberRegister을 가져오는 데,

이 안에서 사용되는 EmailSender, PasswordEncoder가 스프링 빈으로 등록되어 있지 않다 (구현체 없는 인터페이스임)

public interface PasswordEncoder {
    String encode(String password);
    boolean matches(String password, String passwordHash);
}

public interface EmailSender {
  void send(Email email, String subject, String body);
}

 

해결 시도

- @Bean으로 emailSender, passwordEncoder를 Bean으로 등록한다 

- 그리고 MemberTestConfiguration 은 독립된 파일로 존재한다 

  @TestConfiguration
  class MemberTestConfiguration {
    @Bean
    public EmailSender emailSender(){
      return (email, subject, body) -> System.out.println("sending email" + email);
    }

    @Bean
    public PasswordEncoder passwordEncoder(){
      return MemberFixture.createPasswordEncoder();
    }
  }

 

 

그럼에도 동일한 에러가 난다 

왜? @SpringBootTest 가 붙은 MemberRegisterManualTest가 MemberTestConfiguration 을 사용해야 함을 모르기 때문이다 

 

 

따라서, @Import 로 사용함을 명시한다

@SpringBootTest
@Import(MemberTestConfiguration.class)
public class MemberRegisterManualTest {
  @Autowired
  private MemberRegister memberRegister;

  @Test
  void register(){
    Member member = memberRegister.register(MemberFixture.createRegisterRequest());

    assertThat(member.getId()).isNotNull();
    assertThat(member.getStatus()).isEqualTo(MemberStatus.PENDING);
  }
}

 

임시로 구현한 DummyEmailSender 와 @TestConfiguration으로 등록한 emailSender 중에 무엇이 우선시 될까?

https://www.inflearn.com/community/questions/1645701/testconfiguration-%EA%B4%80%EB%A0%A8-%EC%84%A4%EB%AA%85%EA%B3%BC-%EC%8B%A4%EC%A0%9C-%EB%8F%99%EC%9E%91%EC%9D%B4-%EB%8B%A4%EB%A5%B8-%EB%B6%80%EB%B6%84%EC%9D%B4-%EC%9E%88%EB%8A%94-%EA%B2%83-%EA%B0%99%EC%8A%B5%EB%8B%88%EB%8B%A4?_gl=1%2A1fsppw%2A_gcl_au%2AMjA1ODQxMTM2MS4xNzY0MDc3MDkxLjEyMjk2NzM3NjAuMTc2OTA4OTY5My4xNzY5MDkwMDYw%2A_ga%2AMjA5MTY0NzUxOC4xNzU1MjIxODA5%2A_ga_85V6SRKGJV%2AczE3NzA2MjkwNjQkbzUxJGcxJHQxNzcwNjQ0ODg2JGo1NSRsMCRoMA..&referrer=inflearn

@TestConfiguration 관련 설명과 실제 동작이 다른 ... - 인프런 | 커뮤니티 질문&답변